![This Jungian Life show](https://d3dthqtvwic6y7.cloudfront.net/podcast-covers/000/083/665/small/this-jungian-life.png)
Summary: Complaining is universal, perhaps, like gossiping, one of the first uses to which developed language was put. Overall, a complaint can refer to a perceived legal injustice, medical symptom, or other personally painful matter. The chronic complainer feels a lack of agency, and implicitly pleads for emotional support and/or effective action from another. A complaint may therefore range from a request for empathic engagement to an effort to assign responsibility to others.